Background

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Early identification of individuals at high cardiovascular risk in primary care settings is essential for implementing preventive interventions and reducing disease burden. Risk assessment tools facilitate evidence-based decision-making and personalized patient management.

Objective

To evaluate cardiovascular risk profiles among adults attending primary healthcare facilities and assess the effectiveness of risk assessment strategies in predicting future cardiovascular events.

Methods

A retrospective observational study was conducted among 1,500 adult patients attending primary healthcare centers between January 2022 and December 2024. Demographic characteristics, clinical parameters, laboratory findings, lifestyle factors, and cardiovascular outcomes were analyzed. Risk stratification was performed using the Framingham Risk Score and WHO Cardiovascular Risk Charts.

Results

Among 1,500 participants, 32.7% were classified as low risk, 41.3% as moderate risk, and 26.0% as high cardiovascular risk. Hypertension (58%), diabetes mellitus (39%), obesity (34%), and smoking (27%) were the most prevalent risk factors. High-risk individuals experienced significantly greater cardiovascular events during follow-up compared to low-risk individuals (15.2% vs. 3.1%, p < 0.001).

Conclusion

Cardiovascular risk assessment in primary care effectively identifies high-risk individuals and supports preventive interventions. Routine screening and risk-based management should be integrated into primary healthcare systems to reduce cardiovascular disease burden.