Medical Letter (MedLetter) is committed to maintaining the highest standards of research integrity and publication ethics. The journal investigates all allegations of research misconduct fairly, confidentially, and transparently in accordance with the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) guidelines and COPE Flowcharts. Authors are strongly encouraged to read the journal's Author Guidelines and Publication Ethics Policies before submitting a manuscript.

Research Misconduct

Research misconduct includes, but is not limited to:

• Plagiarism

• Data fabrication or falsification

• Image manipulation

• Duplicate or redundant publication

• Authorship disputes

• Undisclosed conflicts of interest

• Unethical research involving humans or animals

Investigation Process

When an allegation is received, the journal will:

• Conduct a preliminary editorial assessment.

• Request an explanation and supporting documents from the authors.

• Investigate the case following COPE Flowcharts.

• Consult reviewers, institutions, or ethics committees when necessary.

• Maintain confidentiality throughout the investigation.

Editorial Actions

Depending on the outcome of the investigation, the journal may:

• Request corrections or revisions.

• Reject the manuscript.

• Publish a correction or retraction.

• Notify the authors' institution or funding agency where appropriate.

• Prohibit future submissions in cases of serious misconduct.

Editorial Policy

All allegations of research misconduct are handled objectively and without bias. Medical Letter is committed to protecting the integrity of the scholarly record and follows the latest COPE guidance in resolving ethical concerns. Authors are responsible for ensuring that their submissions comply with the journal's ethical policies and international standards before submission.