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Medical Letter (Medletter)
2023, Volume 1, Issue 1 : 1-6
Research Article
Medication Adherence in Chronic Diseases: Determinants, Challenges, and Strategies for Improving Patient Outcomes
Michael R. Anderson
1
 ,
Sarah K. Bennett
2
 ,
Emily J. Wilson
3
1
Department of Internal Medicine, Northbridge Medical University, New York, USA
2
Department of Public Health, Global Health Research Institute, London, UK
3
Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Western Medical Sciences University, Sydney, Australia
Abstract

Background

Medication adherence is a fundamental component of chronic disease management. Poor adherence contributes significantly to disease progression, increased healthcare expenditures, hospitalizations, and mortality. Despite advances in medical treatments, non-adherence remains a persistent global challenge.

Objective

This study examines the prevalence, determinants, consequences, and potential interventions associated with medication adherence among patients with chronic diseases.

Methods

A cross-sectional observational study was conducted involving 500 patients diagnosed with chronic diseases including hypertension, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and chronic kidney disease. Data were collected through structured questionnaires, medical record reviews, and medication adherence scales.

Results

Among participants, 62% demonstrated moderate adherence, 21% showed high adherence, and 17% exhibited poor adherence. Major factors influencing non-adherence included forgetfulness (41%), medication costs (28%), side effects (22%), and complex treatment regimens (19%). Poor adherence was significantly associated with increased hospitalization rates (p < 0.01).

Conclusion

Medication adherence remains a significant challenge in chronic disease management. Multifaceted interventions involving healthcare providers, technology-based reminders, patient education, and financial support programs can substantially improve adherence and clinical outcomes.

 

Keywords
Medication adherence
Chronic diseases
Compliance
Patient outcomes
Healthcare management
Pharmaceutical care
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